FN2 Research

Markets, explained.

Cited, no-noise breakdowns of why stocks move — earnings reactions, macro shifts, and the data behind the headlines.

Close-up of a green electronic circuit board with microchips and intricate wiring, representing semiconductor hardware.
Semiconductors · AI · China · Earnings · Macro · Market Recap

The Moat Cracks: Kimi K3, the Chip Bear Market, and the First Real Challenge to AI Hardware Pricing Power

The PHLX Semiconductor Index entered bear-market territory this week, erasing over $1 trillion in sector value, after Moonshot AI's Kimi K3 model autonomously designed a functional chip in 48 hours using only open-source tools. A Netflix guidance miss and sliding consumer sentiment compounded the risk-off tone. Tesla and Alphabet earnings next week will test whether the damage stays contained.

Oil tanker ship sailing on calm open ocean waters at sunset
Iran · Strait of Hormuz · Oil · Energy · Geopolitics · Market Risk · Tariffs · Defense

Brent at $88, Hormuz Goes Dark: The Iran Escalation Markets Haven't Priced

Brent crude hit $88 as Iran formally suspended its ceasefire with the US after a seventh night of strikes and the Strait of Hormuz shipping ground to a near-halt — yet the S&P 500's 1% sell-off was driven by AI earnings, not the war. The gap between escalation trajectory and market pricing is the tell.

Rocket boosters ascending against a bright blue sky, representing the aerospace sector that drove 2026's record IPO activity.
IPO · Market Structure · SpaceX · AI · ECM · Liquidity · Nasdaq

2026 IPO Issuance Nears All-Time Record as SpaceX Lockup Test Approaches

Operating companies have raised $140 billion through IPOs in 2026, 91% on Nasdaq, nearly matching 2021's full-year record. The first SpaceX insider lockup window opens around August 6, and its reception could determine whether the Anthropic and OpenAI pipeline clears.

Industrial control room with electrical panels and equipment, representing data center and energy infrastructure.
IPOs · Market Structure · Liquidity · Semiconductors · Data Centers · Secondaries · Lockups

A Reopened IPO Window Meets a Market That No Longer Trades Like It Used To

SK hynix's $26.5 billion Nasdaq listing, the largest foreign IPO in US history, anchors a reopening IPO window. Meanwhile, Citadel Securities' 1H 2026 market-structure review documents how the market that absorbs these new shares has fundamentally changed — record passive flows, 0DTE dominance, leverage concentrated in semiconductors, and implied correlations at 15-year lows.

Close-up of a fuel pump nozzle refueling a vehicle at night.
Geopolitics · Oil · Energy · Federal Reserve · Iran · Strait of Hormuz · Ukraine · Inflation

Hormuz Blockade and Refinery Attrition Drive Oil Higher as Fed Hike Odds Surge

Brent crude jumped above $78 after the fifth US strike on Iran in six days and Trump's 20% cargo toll on Hormuz. With Ukrainian drones crippling 40% of Russian refining capacity at the same time, rate-hike odds for the July 29 Fed meeting leapt from 34% to 46.5%.

Coins stacked incrementally on a green background, representing capital growth.
IPO · Market Structure · SK hynix · Rivian · SEC · Reg NMS · Data Centers · Semiconductors

The IPO Window Is Wide Open — But the Plumbing Is Creaking

SK hynix's record $26.5 billion Nasdaq debut leads a packed July IPO calendar featuring data-center and nuclear-fuel names. Beneath the issuance revival, quarter-end equity funding costs spiked, Rivian's secondary exposed repricing risk, and the SEC proposed the biggest Reg NMS amendments in years.

Aerial drone view of a large cargo ship being loaded with shipping containers by cranes at a port.
Geopolitics · Oil · Shipping · Iran · Strait of Hormuz · Earnings Season · Federal Reserve · Defense

Iran's Hormuz Closure Threat Collides With Q2 Earnings Week

A renewed US-Iran escalation over the Strait of Hormuz has pushed Brent near $80, cut shipping traffic to a five-week low, and sent Nasdaq futures down nearly 1% just as Q2 earnings season begins. The interim ceasefire is fraying, and the shipping data is the tell.

A SpaceX rocket stands vertically on a launch pad overlooking the ocean under a clear sky.
IPOs · Market Structure · SpaceX · SK hynix · Index Inclusion · Passive Investing · Buybacks · Semiconductors

The Mega-IPO Era Is Rewiring Equity Market Structure

SpaceX's $75B IPO and SK hynix's $26.5B Nasdaq uplisting anchor a record issuance year that is rewriting index rules, lockup mechanics, and passive fund flows. The supply itself may not break the market — but the plumbing changes it triggers will reshape liquidity for years.

Drone shot of a cargo ship navigating through calm turquoise waters.
Geopolitics · Oil · Sanctions · Iran · Strait of Hormuz · Russia · China · Shipping

Three-Front Sanctions Escalation: Hormuz Collapses, Kuwait Platform Struck, 500% Tariffs Aimed at China and India

Hormuz tanker traffic has plunged from 130 daily transits to five as US-Iran strikes enter their third round in a week, a Kuwaiti offshore oil platform was hit by a hostile drone, and a White House-backed bill would impose 500% tariffs on China and India for buying Russian oil — three risk channels now merging into one.

Nighttime aerial view of a city skyline with illuminated skyscrapers reflecting on calm water.
IPO · Market Structure · Buybacks · Regulation NMS · Leverage · SK Hynix · Semiconductors

The IPO Window Is Wide Open, but the Plumbing Is Straining

Mid-2026 marks an inflection point for equity market structure: record IPO issuance, near-$1 trillion buybacks, mounting leverage strain, and the most significant regulatory overhaul in two decades are all converging at once.

Aerial view of a large vessel sailing through deep blue ocean
Geopolitics · Oil · Energy · Iran · Strait of Hormuz · Defense · Airlines · Safe Havens

Iran's Fourth Hormuz Closure Breaks the De-escalation Trade

Iran declared the Strait of Hormuz closed after the IRGC struck a container ship, triggering a third US strike round in seven days and retaliatory missile attacks on five Arab states. With tanker traffic collapsing and Goldman Sachs reviving its $100 Brent forecast, the Q2 de-escalation trade is breaking.

Close-up view of an electronic circuit board with visible components and connectors
IPOs · Market Structure · Semiconductors · AI Infrastructure · Secondary Offerings · Buybacks · ECM

The IPO Machine Shifts Into Higher Gear — But the Lockup Clock Is Ticking

US IPOs raised $155.8B across 194 deals in H1 2026, more than double 2025 even excluding SpaceX. SK hynix's $26.5B Nasdaq listing set a foreign-IPO record, Csquare targets $1.35B, and Anthropic and OpenAI are queued behind phased SpaceX lockup releases that could lift the floating supply from 4% to 40% by year-end.